例題 1 Example 1:十字相乘法(首項係數為 1) Cross method with a = 1
因式分解 x² − 5x + 6。Factorize x² − 5x + 6.
- 找兩個積為
6、和為−5的數:−2及−3Find two numbers with product6and sum−5:−2and−3
答案: Answer: (x − 2)(x − 3)
SketchMath 數學團隊 SketchMath Maths Team | 更新 Updated 2026-10-20
因式分解的次序:① 先提取公因式,② 看看能否用恆等式(a² − b²、a² ± 2ab + b²),③ 用十字相乘法分解 ax² + bx + c,④ 有四項時用分組分解。最後要展開驗算。Factorize in this order: 1) take out the common factor, 2) look for an identity (a² − b², a² ± 2ab + b²), 3) use the cross method for ax² + bx + c, 4) group terms when there are four. Always expand to check.
ax + ay = a(x + y)a² − b² = (a + b)(a − b)a² ± 2ab + b² = (a ± b)²x² + bx + cCross method, x² + bx + cx² + (p + q)x + pq = (x + p)(x + q)ax² + bx + cCross method, ax² + bx + c(mx + p)(nx + q),其中 mn = a、pq = c、mq + np = b(mx + p)(nx + q) with mn = a, pq = c, mq + np = bx³ − 2x² − 9x + 18 = (x − 2)(x² − 9)因式分解 x² − 5x + 6。Factorize x² − 5x + 6.
6、和為 −5 的數:−2 及 −3Find two numbers with product 6 and sum −5: −2 and −3答案: Answer: (x − 2)(x − 3)
因式分解 6x² + x − 12。Factorize 6x² + x − 12.
(3x − 4)(2x + 3):交叉項 3x·3 + (−4)·2x = 9x − 8x = x ✓Try (3x − 4)(2x + 3): the cross terms are 3x·3 + (−4)·2x = 9x − 8x = x ✓6x² + 9x − 8x − 12 = 6x² + x − 12Check: 6x² + 9x − 8x − 12 = 6x² + x − 12答案: Answer: (3x − 4)(2x + 3)
把 x³ − 2x² − 9x + 18 完全分解。Factorize x³ − 2x² − 9x + 18 completely.
x²(x − 2) − 9(x − 2) = (x − 2)(x² − 9)x² − 9 是平方差:(x − 3)(x + 3)x² − 9 is a difference of squares: (x − 3)(x + 3)答案: Answer: (x − 2)(x − 3)(x + 3)
2x² − 18 = 2(x² − 9) = 2(x − 3)(x + 3)。漏了公因式 2,答案便不完整。2x² − 18 = 2(x² − 9) = 2(x − 3)(x + 3). Skipping the factor 2 leaves the answer incomplete.溫習方法:點擊以下任何題目,即時在坐標網格載入並核對計算步驟。How to study: click any question to load it on the coordinate grid and check your steps.
SketchMath 題庫內的 DSE 風格練習,選擇題及長題目均附解答。 DSE-style practice from the SketchMath question bank, with solutions for every MC and long question.